John Locke, às vezes considerado o pai do Liberalismo moderno, e o autor das célebres Cartas sobre a Tolerância, não tolerava, afinal, nem católicos nem ateus:
"A church, according to Locke, is “a free and voluntary society”; its purpose is the public worship of God; the value of worship depends on the faith that inspires it: “all the life and power of true religion consists in the inward and full persuasion of the mind;” and these matters are entirely outside the jurisdiction of the civil magistrate. Locke therefore (to use later language) was a voluntary in religion, as he was an individualist on questions of state interference. There is an exception, however, to his doctrine of the freedom of the individual in religious matters. The toleration extended to all others is denied to papists and to atheists; and his inconsistency in this respect has been often and severely criticized. But it is clear that Locke made the exception not for religious reasons but on grounds of state policy. He looked upon the Roman Catholic as dangerous to the public peace because he professed allegiance to a foreign prince; and the atheist was excluded because, on Locke’s view, the existence of the state depends upon a contract, and the obligation of the contract, as of all moral law, depends upon the divine will." (aqui).
Que liberal, este homem. Virtualmente toda a população portuguesa seria excluida do mundo de liberdade engendrado pelo Locke.
PS. Locke era um calvinista e escreveu durante o período em que o Catolicismo foi proibido em Inglaterra, e as suas opiniões certamente contribuiram para isso. Mais tarde, ele teve dúvidas quanto aos ateus, se deviam ou não ser tolerados. Quanto aos católicos (papistas, no texto) é que nunca teve dúvidas - não deviam ser tolerados.
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