contrasts

I would like in this post to summarize and contrast as briefly as I can a few ideas of Kant's philosophy (which I take as synonymous with Protestantism), with Catholic ideas on the same subject:

1. Reason and Faith
For Catholicism (thereafter Cath) faith and reason are complementary faculties of the human mind. For Protestantism (thereafter Prot, interpreted as synonymous with Kant) reason and faith are competing, mutually exclusive faculties of the human mind.

2. Moral and Religion
2.1. For Cath the source of morality is religion (God). For Prot the source of morality is human reason (man) as reflected in the law.
2.2 For Cath reason has a role in religion. For Prot reason has no role in religion, which is founded entirely on faith.
2.3 For Cath religion is a public institution. For Prot religion is a private affair.

3. Man and truth
For Cath individual man can reach truth. For Prot individual man cannot reach truth, only the collective can.

I would now like to derive some differences between Cath and Prot cultures based on the assertions above:

A. Human Reason

Cath culture makes a more extensive use of human reason and has more confidence in human reason than Prot culture (see 1 and 3. above).

B. The Value of Man

Cath culture values individual man more than does Prot culture. Prot culture, in turn, attaches more value to the collective (the crowd) than does Cath culture (see 3. above).

C. Government

The natural form of Government in Cath culture is an autocracy led by the most knowledgeable of all men. The natural form of government in Prot society is the collective, that is, democracy (see 3 above).

D. Freedom and human rights

In Cath culture it is the Church as a public institution and the moral authority in society that protects the individual against the abuses of power. In Prot culture this role belongs to the positive law, as religion has no place in the public arena (see 2. above)

E. Economic organization

In Cath culture economic institutions tend to rely more on the individual (v.g., the individual or family business, the boss, the chief regulator, the prime-minister) than on the collective. In Prot culture they tend to rely more on the collective (v.g., the market, the anonymous corporation) than on the individual (see 3. above)