Despite the rhetoric of liberal democracy, actual consent is not necessary to political legitimacy.
Separatists cannot base their arguments on a right to opt out because no such right exists in democratic theory.
Government by the consent of the governed does not necessarily encompass a right to opt out. It only requires that within the existing political unit a right to participate through electoral processes be available. Moreover participatory rights do not entail a right to secede.
Lea Brilmayer (1991) Secession and self-determination: a territorial interpretation. Yale Journal of International Law 16, 177-202, p.184-185.
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